GIS in the Transportation Infrastructure Management
Being
able to visualize your assets and the surrounding environment when you build,
upgrade, or repair transportation infrastructure helps you prioritize your work
and make the right decisions. A geographic information system (GIS) software
platform will allow you to do all this and much more. With Esri’s GIS
technology, you can build dynamic and rich mapping applications that will keep
everyone—from the project team and government officials to field staff and the
public—in the know.
What is GIS ?
“A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer-based
tool for mapping and analysing things that exist and events that happen on
earth. GIS technology integrates common database operations such as query and
statistical analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis
benefits offered by maps. (ESRI definition)
GIS
helps you answer questions and solve problems. When viewed in the context of
geography, your data is quickly understood and easily shared. GIS technology
can be integrated into any enterprise information system framework.
GIS Supports the Transportation Infrastructure Life Cycle:
Throughout
the transportation infrastructure life cycle, Esri’s GIS technology helps you
create a seamless flow of information from one stage to the next. With GIS,
information from your planning process can be brought into the design process
and easily carried over into other areas such as as-built drawings, operations,
and maintenance. Gains in both employee productivity and transportation system
performance are made possible by the unique ability of GIS to integrate with a
wide variety of technologies. Transportation organizations benefit by making
use of the resultant information throughout their enterprise for better
decision making.
Planning:
Transportation
agencies face an enormous challenge in keeping their infrastructure operating
smoothly and efficiently. The world’s leading travel demand forecasting
packages are integrated with GIS technology, helping transportation
professionals conduct the complex analyses required to plan the transportation
systems of the future. Increasingly, transportation planners are integrating
land-use, environmental, and greenhouse gas considerations, along with energy
consumption factors, into their planning processes. In doing so, they have
discovered that GIS can bring all these factors together in the type of
comprehensive planning models that will be required to help effectively plan
the future.
Design:
Transportation
engineers are discovering the advantages of integrating GIS into their design
processes. By bringing imagery, elevation, and environmental information into
the CAD environment, engineers can continue working with familiar software
while gaining access to important GIS data. Design files can be brought into a GIS
and linked to financial software for better labor and materials and total
project cost estimation. With these types of capabilities, GIS is an essential
component of the engineering information systems of the future.
Environmental Management:
Transportation
infrastructure management requires careful consideration of the environment.
GIS is uniquely capable of assisting transportation professionals in
understanding these issues and selecting the most environmentally sensitive
solutions. With GIS, you can understand the impact of land-use decisions and
evaluate smart-growth alternatives. GIS integrates environmental factors with
land-use, housing, and employment density analysis to help communities address
growth issues. The ability to visualize alternatives on a common platform
allows parties that differ to reach a consensus when dealing with
environmentally sensitive matters.
Construction Management:
When
integrated with construction management and financial software, GIS can help
track the performance of one or multiple infrastructure projects. GIS makes a
wealth of information, such as schedules, estimates, and contracts, easily
available from a spatial interface. For project tracking, GIS can help organize
all relevant information, from survey data, soils, and geotechnical studies to
planning, environmental studies, and engineering drawings. Having quick and
easy access to data during construction can greatly increase efficiency and
reduce time spent searching for needed information. This type of project transparency
and reduced risk can lead to a greater return on investment.
Asset and Maintenance Management:
GIS
integrates asset mapping with project management and budgeting tools so that
construction and maintenance expenses can be accounted for and centrally
managed. A GIS-based maintenance
management system promotes efficient scheduling of activities and tracking of
work tasks, personnel, equipment, and material usage so managers can track and
report maintenance activities. Simultaneously, field-workers can record
information, perform inspections, and locate assets with GIS-equipped mobile
devices. Deficiencies identified in the field during inspections can
automatically prompt the GIS to generate new work orders for maintenance and
repair.
Operational efficiency and increased safety:
The
demand for operational efficiency and increased safety in modern transportation
systems requires access to detailed and real-time information. GIS provides
management solutions that integrate data from all aspects of your operations.
GIS can track and analyze assets over space and time and provide insight
through visualization of information via maps and easy-to-understand reports.
GIS gives you the ability to integrate disparate information sources into a
common operational picture of all your facilities and transportation systems,
with greater power to control your operations and positively impact your bottom
line.
Security Management:
Comprehensive
transportation facility protection requires the cooperation and close coordination
of various agencies and the integration of different technologies and
information sources. GIS integrates multiple sources of information, displays
them on a map or satellite image, and delivers the resultant situational
awareness on a secure network. You can combine real-time tracking of assets and
vehicles with sources such as live closed-circuit television cameras to deliver
a real-time security view of your transportation facilities. These capabilities
make GIS an essential technology for managing a transportation security
framework.
Safety Management:
Accurate
records of accident locations frequently hold the key to improving safety for
motorists, freight carriers, railways, and pedestrians. GIS maps can display
crash records paired with spatial analysis of congestion, construction zones,
and weather, making obvious what can easily be missed in simple tabular data.
Spatial analysis, combined with statistical and business intelligence tools,
can help pinpoint the root causes of accidents and determine effective
countermeasures. Departments of transportation can identify trends, such as
increases in oversized vehicle traffic, permit violations, and general
commercial traffic route information, using GIS tools—all leading to
significant improvements in transportation safety.
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